Sensors can be connected to object to be measured using various methods. How the sensors are installed on the measurement object is crucial for the quality of the overall measurement.
In order to transfer all frequency portions to be measured to the sensor accordingly, very good coupling of the sensor to the mechanical component is necessary.
Machine parts may be subject to temperature-related expansion and deformation, with the result that the sensor no longer has its whole measurement surface available. This affects the quality of the measurement.
传感器可以用各种方法连接到被测物上。传感器如何安装在测量对象上，对整个测量的质量至关重要。为了将所有要测量的频率部分相应的转移到传感器上，传感器与机械部件的良好耦合是必要的。
机器部件可能会受到与温度相关的膨胀和变形，导致传感器不再具有其整个测量表面。这会影响测量质量。
Fig.: Temperature deformation of a machine part (excessive deformation shown)
图.: 机械部件的温度变形（显示过度变形）
Information: 注意: For optimal measurement, the mounting surface of the sensor must be flat and the sensor must be fully supported. 为了达到最佳的测量效果，传感器的安装面必须是平坦的，而且传感器必须被完全支撑。 |
In order to increase the quality of the measurement accordingly, a fixed connection to the measurement object is necessary. Cover plates and plastic parts are therefore not suitable for securing sensors.
为了相应地提高测量的质量，必须与测量对象固定连接。因此，盖板和塑料件不适合用来固定传感器。
The following methods are available for installing sensors:
以下方法可用于安装传感器：
Fig.: Overview of installation methods
图: 安装方法概述
Of all of the mounting methods, fastening by means of a screw is preferable due to the low attenuation between the sensor and the measurement surface.
Typical sensor installation is performed by screwing the sensor to the measurement object with what is called a stud (supplied with the sensor). Studs are specially-made setscrews made from special materials that facilitate the optimal transfer of vibrations.
If the mounting location is well prepared and the sensor is screwed on correctly, frequencies of up to approximately 10 kHz can be transferred without significant loss.
在所有的安装方法中，由于传感器和测量表面之间的衰减较小，所以用螺丝固定是最优选择。
典型的传感器安装方法是用所谓的螺柱（随传感器提供）将传感器拧到测量对象上。螺柱是用特殊材料制成的固定螺丝，有利于振动的最佳传递。
如果安装位置准备得很好，而且传感器被正确地拧上，则可以传输高达约10 kHz的频率而不会产生明显的衰减。
Information: 注意:
To ensure measurements of sufficient quality, B&R recommends mounting the sensor with a screw. 为了确保测量结果的质量，B&R建议使用螺钉安装传感器。 |
Ground loops can occur when the module and sensor are mounted far apart. If necessary, isolated mounting must be performed using an isolated adhesive mounting plate.
The resonant frequency is reduced by additional elements such as an isolation flange, collar screw, magnetic clamp and probe tip positioned between the coupling surfaces. The coupling becomes softer using these elements. These differences can be clearly seen in the frequency response diagram
Different frequency responses of the relative voltage transfer factor are illustrated in the image below.
当模块和传感器安装得很远时，可能会发生接地回路。如有必要，必须使用隔离胶安装板进行隔离安装。
额外的元件，诸如隔离法兰、轴环螺钉、磁性夹具和位于耦合表面之间的探针尖端之类，可以降低共振频率。使用这些元件，耦合会变得更软。这些差异可以在频率响应图中清楚地看到。相对电压传递系数的不同频率响应在下面的图片中得到说明。
Fig.: Attenuation of the different types of sensor mounting
图: 不同安装类型的传感器的衰减情况
The choice of mounting is influenced by the resonance frequency and temperature. The following table shows how strongly these influences impact on the different mounting methods.
安装的选择受到共振频率和温度的影响。下表显示了这些影响对不同安装方法的影响有多大。
Resonant frequency 共振频率 |
Temperature 温度 |
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Stud 螺柱 |
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Instant adhesive 速干胶 |
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Beeswax 蜂蜡 |
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Double-sided adhesive tape 双面胶 |
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Magnetic clamp 磁性夹具 |
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Probe tip 探针 |
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Effects on the installation methods:对安装方法的影响: |
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High 高 |
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Medium 中 |
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Low 低 |
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